Ch.+7+Study+Guide


 * Chapter 7 Study Guide**


 * Vocabulary:**


 * chocolate** (//Dateline// page 173) - A thick, smooth, and bitter drink made from cacao seeds and enjoyed by the Aztec and the Maya.
 * encomienda** - a system that the rulers of Spain established in Mexico, under which Spanish men received a Native American village to oversee and gain tribute from
 * Father Miguel Hidalgo** - known as The Father of Mexican Independence, he was a criollo who became a priest and had great sympathy for the Native Americans and mestizos.


 * peninsular** - people who were born in Spain but who lived in Mexico after the Spanish took control
 * criollo** - people who were born in Mexico but whose parents were born in Spain
 * mestizo** - a person who is of mixed European and Native American ancestry.
 * Native Americans** - "New Spain's" largest group who made up the bottom layer of society.


 * Benito Juarez** - a man who rose from poverty to become president of Mexico and a hero to his people
 * hacienda** - a big farm or ranch, often as large as 40,000 or 50,000 acres
 * ejido** - a community farm owned by all the villagers together
 * Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)** - the most powerful political party in Mexico, from the 1920's to the 2000's, which won every presidential election during that time.
 * National Action Party (PAN)** - the party of Vincente Fox, who was the first president in more than 70 years who did not belong to the PRI.


 * maquilidora**- in Mexico, a factory that imports duty-free parts from the United States to make products that it then exports back across the border.
 * NAFTA-** (North American Free Trade Agreement) aims to reduce taxes on items traded among Mexico, Untited States, and Canada.
 * PEMEX**- Mexican Petroleum, a government agency that runs the oil industry in Mexico
 * tourism**- an industry that is in the business of helping people travel on vacations
 * fiesta**- a holiday celebrated with events such as parades, games, and feasts.


 * Short answer:**

- **What was unique about Mexico's presidential election in 2000?** (pages 179-184) The Mexican presidential election of 2000 was unique because it was the first time in 71 years that a different party was elected. The PRI was defeated by the PAN who was represented by Vincente Fox.

- **What is the role of oil in Mexico's economy?** (pages 185-189) The role of oil in Mexico's econmy is that the US is the largest buyer of Mexican oil and PEMEX, a govenment run agency, is Mexico's most important company.


 * Essay: (10 points on test. Practice essay needs to be written out and in binder for test day.)**

**How has Mexico's history been influenced by being so close to the United States?**
Be sure to discuss the following in your answer //(details that support your topic sentence)//:


 * -** wars between the **two** countries - name two and discuss (p. 176-178)


 * -** trade between the **two** countries - NAFTA and oil (p. 188)

For your essay, remember to:

_ skip lines

_ restate the question in your answer //(topic sentence//)

_end your essay with a conclusion

Study [|**states and capitals**] that are located in the **Northeast** part of our country.